What is the difference between an SPN and a TPN distribution board?
SPN (Single Phase + Neutral) boards are for single-phase supplies — typical homes, small shops and offices. TPN (Three Phase + Neutral) boards distribute a three-phase supply across phases and are used for larger homes, commercial premises and light industry. Match the board to your incoming supply; do not run heavy three-phase loads through an SPN board.
How many ways should my distribution board have?
Count your final circuits — lights, sockets, AC, geyser, kitchen, pump — then add 25-30% spare. A small flat may suit a 6 or 8-way SPN board, while a larger home or office often needs 12 or 16-way. Spare ways let you add circuits later without replacing the whole board.
What does IP43 mean on a distribution board?
IP43 is an ingress-protection rating. The 4 means the enclosure resists solid objects above 1mm (tools, wires, most dust), and the 3 means it resists water sprayed at up to 60 degrees from vertical — effectively dripping or light splashing. IP43 is the practical standard for indoor DBs in normal Indian home and office positions.